International Journal of Ayurveda and Pharma Research

A Comparative Phytochemical Analysis and HPTLC Fingerprinting of Ardraka and Shunti in Different Dosage Forms and its Relation to Diabetes

Vrinda — 2024-05-04

Ginger is a household spice used globally for different purposes. As per Ayurveda, it is considered to possess therapeutic properties for various ailments. Although ginger has Pramehagna (anti-diabetic) property, there are very few formulations for diabetes that contain this as an ingredient. However, some pharmaceutical and clinical studies have shown significant anti-diabetic property of ginger. According to Ayurveda, Ardraka (fresh rhizome) and Shunti (dry rhizome) have different properties and are widely used in many formulations. To analyze the difference between both forms of ginger in varied forms, phytochemical screening, and HPTLC study was done on Ardraka swarasa (juice of fresh rhizome), Shunti churna (powder), Ardraka and Shunti Kashaya (decoction of fresh and dry ginger), Ardraka and Shunti Hima (cold infusion of fresh and dry ginger), Ardraka and Shunti phanta (cold decoction of fresh and dry ginger). Alkaloids were present abundantly in Ardraka swarasa, Ardraka kashaya, Shunti kashaya, Shunti hima and Shunti phanta. Flavonoids were present in excess only in Ardraka swarasa. HPTLC analysis showed more peaks in Kashaya of both forms of rhizomes and Ardraka phanta.

Elevating the Inner-Consciousness “Third-Eye” Through “Vedic Manas Yoga” Practice

Acharya Balkrishna — 2024-05-04

‘Third-Eye Chakra’, also known as ‘Ajna Chakra’ in Sanskrit, is the sixth of the body's seven major Chakras. It is also known as the "perception center" and, said to be the seat of soul and the portal to higher awareness. It is essential for achieving greater awareness and serves as the focus of concentration during Asana or meditation practices. Ajna Chakra corresponds to the hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and pineal gland, as well as the eyes, ears, and nose in the physical body. Vedic manas yoga is a holistic approach to yoga that integrates concepts from the Vedas, ancient Indian literature, with practices that attempt to balance the mind, body, and spirit. This study was conducted to develop the inner consciousness and awake the dormant powers of individual participants using Vedic manas yoga. In this observational study, a total 30 physically and mentally healthy subject aged in between 5 to 15 years of both gender from Patanjali Gurukulam, Haridwar, were included. The Pre- and Post-treatment SF-36 scores were statistically evaluated using paired t-test. There was a significant difference (p<0.5) observed in mean scores of Pre-program and Post-program scores of SF-36 after three days programmed interventions against psycho-social, spiritual and emotional development of subjects. The paired t-test revealed a significant score having p<0.05 for pre-program and post-program questionnaire responses. The maximum improvement was recorded to be 22% with overall third-eye activation. Vedic manas yoga practice has shown significant improvement in SF-36 among subjects participating in this study and, further studies are recommended to awaken the inner consciousness and align the energies of body, mind and spirit.

Effect of Intravaginal Application of Palasha Udumbaradi Ointment on Pelvic Organ Prolapse

Krishna K. O — 2024-05-04

Prolapse is a downward descent of the female pelvic organs as a result of weakness of the structures that normally retain them in position. The main symptoms of pelvic organ prolapse include micturition disturbances like stress incontinence, imperfect control of micturition, a feeling of lump coming down, postural low back ache, constipation and leucorrhoea. The management of pelvic organ prolapse includes preventive conservative and surgical measures. Surgery is indicated when conservative management fails. The three different conditions like Phalini, Prasramsini and Mahayoni vyapath mentioned by different Acharyas explain the prolapsed condition according to the stage and part prolapsed out. Palasha udumbaradi yoga mentioned in Bhaishajya Ratnavali containing ingredients such as Palasha beeja, Udumbara phala, Thilathaila and Madhu was taken for this study. The Lepa was applied in the modified form of an ointment. The study is an attempt to assess the effect of Palasha udumbaradi ointment on uterine prolapse. The ointment was applied intra vaginally. The presence of dense blood vasculature makes the vagina a potential site for local and systemic drug administration. The key advantages of vaginal drug delivery over oral administration is that this is able to circumvent the harsh gastric environment and also bypass hepatic first-pass metabolism.

A 38 year woman with complaints of increased frequency of micturition, stress incontinence, burning micturition, low back ache and dyspareunia consulted the OPD of Govt. Ayurveda Medical College, Tripunithura. Palasha udumbaradi ointment was self-applied intra-vaginally. Administration of ointment was advised for 60 consecutive days excluding the days of menstruation with follow up on 90^th day. Assessment was done on 0^th, 30^th and 60^th day and follow up was done on 90^th day using POP-Q Scale, urinary incontinence scale, and visual analogue scale.

Silajathu Rasayana in Management of Rheumatoid Arthritis

Nanditha N — 2024-05-04

Rheumatoid Arthritis is a systemic autoimmune disease characterized by inflammatory arthritis and extra-articular involvement. Considering the pathophysiology, clinical features, and extra-articular manifestations it can be correlated to Vataraktha in Ayurveda. In this case, a 24-year-old female patient who was diagnosed with Juvenile Rheumatoid Arthritis at the age of 15 and was under Disease-modifying anti-rheumatic drug therapy for several years, complaints of pain and swelling over symmetrical joints of upper and lower limbs along with morning stiffness, and evident boutonniere deformity. She also had pain in her left hip for 4 years. Ayurvedic treatment was initiated with a primary focus on Amapachana, Shodhana, and Rasayana therapies. Patient assessment was conducted using a Visual analog scale, DAS28 score, HAQ-DI score, and Ama assessment tool on the 0^th and 69^th day. DAS 28 score improved from 7.73 to 3.19, and HAQ-DI score improved from 1.63 to 0.88. The visual analog scale was improved from 8 to 4. Following 69 days of treatment incorporated with Ayurvedic treatment procedures coupled with Rasayana therapy, demonstrated a notable amelioration of symptoms, an enhancement in the overall quality of life, and an improvement in laboratory parameters.

Management of Dushta Vrana with an Ethnomedicine Theepana (Allophylus Cobbe (L.) Raeuch Leaves Choorna

Payal Jain — 2024-05-04

“Ethno” (derived from “ethnic”) is a custom of a particular race or religion and ethnomedicine is a custom of medicine. The discovery of new crude drugs from indigenous reported medicinal plants can be done from ethnomedicinal studies. There is a persistent increasing demand of medicines in the market which makes them costlier. Because of which the use of other substitutes and adulterants is increasing; questioning the efficacy of the actual medicine. Theepana could help to overcome the cost and adulteration of other Vranaropan medicines like Arjun. It is from Sapindaceous family; (soapberry family). Genus is Allophylus. Sanskrit name- Triputa (only according to some viewers. No textual reference available for Triputa as Sanskrit name). Marathi name- Theepana, Thivana, Tipin. Theepana (Allophylus cobbe (L.) Raeuch” leaves Choorna was used as an ethnomedicine in Dushta vrana. The leaves Choorna shows Shothagna (anti-inflammatory), Krimigna (antimicrobial), Vranashodhana and Vrana ropan effects. Dushta vrana (chronic ulcer), manifested in any part of the body, may be caused either by the Doshas or trauma. When caused due to the Doshas, it is called Nija vrana and when caused because of trauma; it is called Aagantuja vrana. According to Madhav Nidan-Vrana having Durgandhit - more Gandha, Vedana, Puyayukta Strava, Chirsthithi and Strava, Varna is known as Dushta Vrana.

Management of Ahiputana (Diaper Rash) though Triphala Khadir Yog (TKY) Avachoornan

Gaikwad Jyoti Vijay — 2024-05-04

Ayurveda is an ancient medical system that addresses both the state of Swasthya, or optimal human health, and a broad range of illnesses and associated therapies. One of the most frequent issues in pediatric OPD is diaper rash. According to Ashang Hridaya, Maloplep (contained faeces) and Sweda (sweat/perspiration) both causes Kandu (irritability), Daha (burning sensation) and Tamra Varna (redness), Strava (discharge), Vrana (wound formation around the perianal region), Pidika (papulovesicular lesion) around the Guda area (napkin area). In Ahiputana there is Pitta, Kapha and Rakta Dosha Prakop (increase). In present case report, a 11-month-old female baby patient presented in Balrog OPD 13 of Sane Guruji Rugnalaya, Hadapsar, Pune, with complaints of loose motion episodes, itching and redness associated with discharge and burning sensation for 3 days and was treated with external application of Triphala Khadir Yoga. After complete treatment of 10 days, there was complete remission in the symptoms and there is no recurrence till date. From the current case report, it can be inferred that Ahiputana (diaper rash) can be successfully treated with the appropriate Ayurveda medications.

An Approach to the Management of Dizziness (Murcha) and Vertigo (Bhrama) Based on Ayurvedic Classics

Sapna — 2024-05-04

Ayurveda is a science of life as it defines health and factors responsible for its maintenance and promotion. It is one of the oldest traditional systems of medicine which comprises of thousands of concepts and hypothesis. The primary objective of Ayurveda includes maintenance of health and prevention of diseases. At present, dizziness and vertigo are common symptoms in the patients with the rising prevalence of about 20%. Dizziness is correlated with Murcha in Ayurveda, which is a general feeling of being unstable and fainting whereas vertigo is correlated with Bhrama which is illusion of self and environmental motion. Modern medicines nowadays have harmful impact on health due to their side effects that affect the quality of life. So this is the need of the time that a direct, safe and holistic approach should be established to treat the diseases. The fundamental principles hold a strong ground in Ayurveda. Our Ayurveda classics have mentioned a lot about signs and symptoms of various diseases with their specific herbs. Ayurveda drugs popularity and demand are increasing day by day. Ayurveda drugs are helpful in treating the dizziness (Murcha) and vertigo (Bhrama) through the principles of nature to bring back the individual into equilibrium.

A Single Centric, Open-Label, Non-Randomized Post- Marketing Surveillance Study to Measure the Efficacy and Safety of Petsaffa Tablets in Subjects Suffering From Constipation, Gas and Acidity

Shreya Verma — 2024-05-04

Constipation, gas, and acidity are common gastrointestinal issues with a significant global prevalence. Traditional medicine systems like Ayurveda have long utilized medicinal plants to address these concerns. However, clinical validation of their efficacy in patients with constipation has been lacking. Objectives: This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of Petsaffa tablets, an Ayurvedic formulation containing various herbal ingredients, in relieving constipation, gas, and acidity. Methods: The study, conducted as a single-centric, open-label, non-randomized post-marketing surveillance study, involved 120 subjects with constipation. Subjects were evaluated using inclusion and exclusion criteria and provided Petsaffa tablets for a 14-day intervention. Various parameters, including bowel movement frequency, constipation scores, and subjective assessments, were measured. Vital signs, laboratory safety parameters, and adverse events were also monitored during the study period. Results: Petsaffa tablets significantly improved bowel movement frequency, constipation scores, and subjective symptoms related to constipation. Stool consistency and other associated symptoms such as acidity and gas were also reduced at the end of the study. None of the participants reported any adverse events, and safety parameters remained within normal limits during the study period. Conclusion: Petsaffa tablets offer a promising, safe, and effective alternative option for individuals with common gastrointestinal issues such as constipation, acidity, and gas.

A Case Study on the Ayurvedic Approach to Managing Psoriasis (Ek Kustha)

Mohit Bagwari — 2024-04-04

Ek-Kushta is similar to psoriasis. In the present era, this disease remains a matter of serious concern. These symptoms can be compared to Ek-Kushta. The digestive fire Agni also get Manda consuming red meat, non-veg food and drinks are more prone to get skin diseases like psoriasis or many auto immune disorders. The skin disease was referenced in the Kushta chapter of Charaka Samhita, along with other Samhitas, in our classical texts. For this many different Chikitsas like Shodana shaman, Virechana etc are explained in our classics. Here, a traditional Ayurvedic regimen was attempted to treat a 20 year old male. Methods: Samshodhana with Samshamana medication are the treatment for all varieties of Kushta. In this study, Virechana was administered first, followed by Samshamana medicine. Results: The evaluation of signs and symptoms was conducted prior to the commencement of treatment and subsequently after the completion of treatment. Following 4 weeks of scaling treatment, there was a reduction in the thickness of the skin, which had a sharply defined margin, was indurated, and presented as an erythematous plaque on the scalp, face, chest, abdomen, whole back, upper and lower limbs. Significant improvement in psychological and social behavior, which improved the quality of life of patients. After 4 weeks of treatment, the results of the Positive Auspitz's and candle grease sign were found to be negative. Conclusion: Virechana and Samshamana is effective in the management of Ek-Kushta (Psoriasis). After 4 weeks of observation, it appears Virechana and Samshamana can be used to decrease disease progression.

Management of Rigidity Dominant Parkinson’s Disease Through Ayurvedic Protocol

Jesny V Jose — 2024-05-04

Parkinson's Disease (PD) is a disease with insidious onset and slow progression. It is a neurologic condition that causes motor manifestations namely, bradykinesia, rigidity, resting tremor, postural instability and non-motor symptoms such as depression and dementia. The modern treatment provides some symptomatic relief but any proven means for slowing the progression have not been found yet. This case is of a 64-year-old male patient who presented with complaints of slowness in daily activities, difficulty in raising left upper arm along with heaviness, tremors in both hands, difficulty in speech and movement for 3 years. Complaints were increasing progressively hindering his routine activities. He underwent our IP management for 60 days with follow-up after every 20 days. In every follow-up, the patient reported significant relief in his symptoms and after two months, he was able to perform his routine activities without any help.

Chronic Kidney Disease in Light of Ayurveda: A Literary Review on Vataj Pandu

Swati Mishra — 2024-05-04

In recent years, chronic kidney disease (CKD) has become a centre of attraction for researchers all over the world, due to increasing incidence. However, delayed diagnosis and lack of proper management has made it one of the leading causes of death worldwide. In the earlier phase of the disease, relief to the patients can be provided based on chief complaints. But as the disease progresses, only dialysis and kidney transplants remain the line of treatment according to the mainstream system of medicine, thus leading to a large number of side effects and ultimately decreasing the life expectancy. In Ayurveda, CKD is not mentioned in the Samhita directly, but it can be correlated with Vataj pandu according to similarities in some of the symptoms and causes of these two diseases as mentioned in ancient literature. We can also look out for the Nidaan and Samprapti according to the history given by the patient and evaluate the Dosh, Dushya, and the Srotas involved, and then devise a line of treatment according to the patient's Bala, Prakriti, Agni and Oja. In this article, we're going to talk about an aspect of CKD that can be used as a part of management to improve the quality of life and give hope to all the patients suffering from this disease.

Ayurvedic Management of Vulvovaginal Candidiasis with Local Application of Guduchi-Triphala-Danti Gel

Chindu B S — 2024-05-04

Vulvovaginal candidiasis is the infection of the vaginal mucosa and/or vulva caused by the Candida species, a gram-positive yeast-like fungus. It is the second most common vulvovaginal infection characterized by thick-curdy white-cottage-cheese type vaginal discharge and intense vulvovaginal pruritus. Symptomatically vulvovaginal candidiasis can be compared with Slaishmiki yonivyapat in Ayurveda, the line of management of which is the use of Ruksha and Ushna aushadha. Local application of gel has the advantages of easy administration, more bioavailability of drugs, and prolonged retention without much local irritation. The classical Guduchi-Triphala-Danti pariseka yoga, mentioned in Yonivyapat chikitsa has been modified into a gel form, facilitating self-administration by women. Methodology: Here is a case report of a 31-year-old multiparous woman who presented with complaints of curdy white vaginal discharge associated with itching over the vulvar region for the last 6 months. She was diagnosed with vulvovaginal candidiasis by vaginal swab culture. Intervention with Guduchi-Triphala-Danti gel was carried out for 14 days for 2 consecutive cycles excluding days of menstruation and followed up after the next 30 days without medication. Results: After completion of the treatment protocol there was substantial relief of symptoms like curdy white vaginal discharge and itching over the vulvar region, wet-mount microscopy was negative for pseudohyphae, and the vaginal swab culture showed no growth. Conclusion: Local application of Guduchi-Triphala-Danti gel was found to be effective in the management of vulvovaginal candidiasis.

A Conceptual Review of Allergic Rhinitis According to Ayurveda

Sarita Yadav — 2024-05-04

The study focuses on the global health concern of allergic rhinitis, a condition that affects approximately 400 million people worldwide. The prevalence of allergic rhinitis characterized by recurrent attacks of sneezing, nasal congestion and rhinorrhoea has increased over the years due to urbanization and environmental pollution. Although modern medicine has developed treatments for allergic rhinitis, it is still incurable. In Ayurveda, there is a concept of Sannipatik disorders, which involves the vitiation of all the three Doshas (Vata, Pitta, and Kapha) in the pathophysiology of the disease. Sannipatik diseases are known to be particularly challenging to treat. The symptoms of allergic rhinitis closely resemble the diseased condition called Sannipatik Pratishayaya in Ayurveda. While modern medicine offers anti-allergic, antihistaminic, corticosteroids, and other treatment options, these are not entirely effective in curing the disease or preventing its recurrence. Additionally, these treatments often come with their own side effects. In contrast, Ayurvedic classical texts provide detailed explanation of the pathophysiology, sign and symptoms and principles of treatment for effective management for Sannipatik Pratishayaya. Thus, the Ayurvedic concept of Sannipatik Pratishyaya and its understanding can be helpful in managing allergic rhinitis. Aim- The aim of the article is to correlate symptomatology of Sannipatik Pratishyaya with allergic rhinitis and discuss the role of various treatment modalities according to Ayurveda. Methods- Literary review of various Ayurvedic texts, electronic databases; online Journals in the field available at various search portals. Result-The final outcome of the study is to find out a permanent treatment measure for this problem that can be further tested by practical application.

Management of Hridroga (CVD’S)

Manvitha Pagadala — 2024-05-04

Hridraya is an epitome of sustenance and co-ordination to maintain Ayu. It is considered as one of the three Marma sthana, and is the seat of Sarira, Buddhi, Indriya, Indriyartha, Saguna atma, Mana, etc so, any deviation in its functioning can be tremendously bereaving. Acharya Charaka, Sushruta, Vagbhata and Bhela have been unanimous regarding Hridaya being the seat of Manas and Buddhi. Hridroga is an ocean full of disease entities. In contemporary medical system, it is known as CVD i.e., Cardio-Vascular Disease. CVDs are the leading cause of death taking an estimated 17.9 million lives in 2019 accounting for whooping 32% of all the global deaths. Most cardiovascular diseases can be prevented by addressing behavioural risk factors such as tobacco use, unhealthy diet and obesity, physical inactivity and harmful use of alcohol. These risk factors can be effectively tackled by the judicious adherence to Dinacharya, Ratricharya, Ritucharya, Sadvritta niyamas, etc. Even in the state of disease, compliance with Sodhana procedures and Oushadhas can lead to alleviation of disease and qualitative improvement in the state of Ayu. This article gives 360° view of Shaman oushadhas related to Hridroga, which is explained by the Apta in various ancient texts.

Single Drug Intervention in Treatment of Amlapitta with special reference to Bhavprakash Samhita

Manali Lakade — 2024-05-04

Bhavprakash Samhita deals with detailed description medicinal plants used in treatment of various disorders along with knowledge of other aspects of Ayurveda. Amongst them Acharya Bhavmishra in the Madhyam khanda has elaborated the Amlapitta disease. Bhrihatrayee has scattered description of Amlapitta disease whereas the elaboration of this disorder is explained in Madhav nidan, Kashyap Samhita, Bhavprakash Yogratnakar and Harit Samhita. In Bhavprakash Samhita, Amlapitta is explained along with Shleshmapitta. In both these types, Amlata is Vikruti and vitiated Dosha are Kaphapitta with difference in symptoms as per the dominant Dosha. Other Granthakars have mentioned Kaphapittaj as a type of Amlapitta according to its Dosha predominance. Whereas in Bhavprakash Samhita Shleshmapitta is described as a separate entity. The treatment mentioned in Bhavprakash Samhita comprises of Shodhan and Shaman Chikitsa. In Shaman Chikitsa Acharya Bhavmishra has used Single drugs in various combinations. This article deals with details of Shaman chikitsa and single Dravyas used in it.

Deepana and Pachana - An evaluative analysis

Saranya K — 2024-05-04

Ayurveda pays utmost importance to Agni as it is the inherent factor behind every change that occurs in the body. The persistent Alpagni is said to be the causative factor for all the diseases. This is why Ama pachana and Agni deepana became the basic line of treatment in many diseases. Detailed and in-depth analysis of various classical references and articles published in reliable web resources has been done on the topic Deepana and Pachana and got some inferences. Pacana has role in conditions of Ama while Deepana in Agnimandya. But in our day to day practice when we have different Oushadha yoga, we can’t discriminate it in the formulations. The range of Deepana and Pachana may vary in each formulation. We may say at the Koshta level Deepana karma improves the Abhyavaharana shakti by stimulating the appetite and Pachana karma improves the Jaranashakthi by improving the digestion.

Understanding Sthanika Upakrama in Karna Rogas: A Traditional Approach to Ear Disorders

Kasturi Aloni — 2024-05-04

This article delves into the traditional Ayurvedic approach of Sthanika Upakrama in managing Karnagata Rogas, or ear disorders, through localized treatments aimed at restoring Doshic balance and alleviating related symptoms. The study explores the methodology and results of employing Sthanika Upakrama as a holistic ear health approach, highlighting its potential benefits in modern healthcare practices. Ayurvedic scholars have outlined specialized methods, such as Karna pramarjana, Karna abhyanaga, Karna poorana, and Karna dhoopana etc, which hold promise for addressing auditory impairments. Amidst a substantial burden of auditory impairment in India, these ancient interventions offer potential solutions to contemporary challenges in auditory health. The integrated approach of Sthanika Upakrama presents a comprehensive strategy to prevent and manage ear-related ailments.